Knauf Residence





Knauf Residence
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This 1970s house was updated with a 2.2 kW solar electric array, geothermal heating and cooling, and rainwater collection system. The main bathroom was fitted with a Caroma Sydney dual-flush toilet and water was further budgeted through the use of an evapo-transpiration sensor for irrigation.



System Components
solar electric ground-source heat
  • 2.2 kW solar PV system with 12 Mitsubishi MF180 panels
  • Fronius grid-tied invertor
  • 4-ton Waterfurnace geothermal heat pump with 180-foot-deep vertical well field and desuperheater to provide domestic hot water

Additional Measures
  • All Energy Star appliances
  • Low-flow, dual-flush toilet
  • Electric clothes dryer with exhaust plumbed to HVAC to provide humidity during dry winter months
  • Rotary clothes-drying line for summer use
  • Compact fluorescent, LED, and dimmable incandescent lighting
  • 2,400-gallon rainwater collection system
  • South-facing, drought-tolerant plantings and runoff-reducing landscaping
  • Intelligent irrigation system with evapo-transpiration sensor for watering only when needed
  • Pair of Swedish Blue ducks, replacing bi-annual petrochemical pesticide applications to garden
  • 100% organic horse manure, replacing periodic hydrocarbon-derived chemical fertilizer
  • 1990 Honda CRX HF getting 53 mpg, and also a bicycle, replacing a 2001 Volvo V-70 that maybe once got 28 mpg on the highway

System Designer: Craig Tarr, Energy Concepts
System Engineer: Craig Tarr, Energy Concepts
System Installer: Craig Tarr, Energy Concepts

Date of Installation Completion: October 2007

System Cost, Payback, and Financial Incentives Utilized

$21,000 minus $2,000 federal tax credit, $4,000 state rebate, $4,000 Great River Energy rebate. Final cost: $11,000.


Anticipated Energy Delivery When Purchased

2,685 kWH


Actual Energy Delivered When Installed

2,350 kWh (design change, module location moved)


Percentage of Total Energy Needs Delivered:

37%